| 1. | Neglect the axial deformations and consider only the lumped masses .
略去轴向变形不计，仅考虑集中质量。 |
| 2. | If shear, torsional and axial deformations are to be taken into account, their effects must be added into the expression for internal work .
在计算中若考虑剪切、扭转及轴向变形，则其影响应该迭加到内虚乘积功的表达式中。 |
| 3. | Basically, neglecting axial deformations corresponds to the omission of rows 1 and 4 and columns 1 and 4 of the stiffness matrix equation(15. 1) .
忽略不计轴向变形基本上可以说相当于删去方程（15-1）中刚度矩阵的第1行和第4行及第1列和第4列。 |
| 4. | The measurement of axial deformation and radial deformaton of the soil specimen is very important in biaxial test
在土力学的三轴实验中需要对土样的径向和轴向变形在线测长，以便得到土的力学特性。 |
| 5. | Basically , neglecting axial deformations corresponds to the omission of rows 1 and 4 and columns 1 and 4 of the stiffness matrix equation ( 15 . 1 )
忽略不计轴向变形基本上可以说相当于删去方程（ 15 - 1 ）中刚度矩阵的第1行和第4行及第1列和第4列。 |
| 6. | In order to solve this problem , we present a new method in this paper through using the bezier curve as the axial deformation control curve to generate variety trunks and branches
在生成树的过程中,利用bezier曲线作为顶点控制曲线,采用轴变形方法生成形态各异、效果逼真的树干和分枝。 |
| 7. | Geometric nonlinear behaviors in large span cable - stayed bridges have been analyzed in this paper , which include the sag of inclined cable stays caused by their own dead weight ; the interaction of large bending and axial deformation in bending members ; and the large displacements effects . then analyzing theories and researching levels of geometric nonlinear problems of modern cable - stayed bridges have summarized . and methods of modeling cable - stayed bridges for nonlinear finite element analysis have been discussed , which are the equivalent modulus of elasticity , introducing stability functions and continuously modifying geometry of structure
本文分析了大跨径斜拉桥几何非线性的主要影响因素，包括斜拉索的垂度效应、弯矩与轴向力组合效应和大变形效应，同时对目前斜拉桥几何非线性问题的分析理论和研究水平进行了综述，相应讨论了各非线性影响因素的处理方法，即分别采用等效弹性模量法、引入稳定性函数和实时修正结构的几何位置。 |
| 8. | Comparing experimental results with the numerical analytic results using the criterion , it is found that the criterion employs the axial deformations of bracing members as fatigue damage parameters and can be applied to real - time estimation of low - cycle fatigue damage of bracing members under a loading history - dependent random stale
研究结果表明：本文方法以钢支撑轴向位移为损伤参量，能实时估算在随机位移荷载下钢支撑的低周疲劳累积损伤发展，并与试验结果吻合较好。 |
| 9. | Secondly , the author assumes material is elastic , separately adopts planar model and spatial model of the 6 - 12 - 18 - storey spatial concrete frames reckons in shear deformation and axial deformation and contrastingly analyzes lateral displacement of the frames under taft . e1 - centro and tianjfn seismic wave considering geometric non - linear effect or not in order to find out the rule about geometric non - linear effect on earthquake - resistant behavior of multi - storey and highrise concrete frame structure under strong - motion earthquake . simultaneously , the author weighs the effect of spatial self - bracing function on structural analysis by contrasting lateral displacement between planar model and spatial model of the frames
其次，作者在弹性材料假定下，对六层、十二层、十八层空间混凝土框架，分别取其空间模型和平面模型，计入剪切变形、轴向变形的影响，按考虑几何非线性因素与否，分别在taft 、 e1 ? centro及天津地震波作用下，作以对比分析，以找出几何非线性效应对多高层混凝土框架结构在强震作用下抗震性能的影响的规律；同时，对平面模型与空间模型之间的空间相互作用，均以其几何非线性情况下的位移反应作对比分析，来衡量空间相互作用对结构分析的影响。 |
| 10. | By fully analysis of two real cable - stayed bridges , following conclusions have been reached : 1 ) under dead loads the sag of inclined cable stayed is the main point of geometric nonlinear behaviors of cable - stayed bridges , and the effects of the interaction of large bending and axial deformation in bending members and the large displacement are relatively small
通过理论分析和实例计算，本文得出以下结论： 1 )在恒载作用下，斜拉索的垂度效应是几何非线性的主要来源，组合效应、大变形效应的影响相对较小，若仅仅进行线性分析，则计算所得结果的误差会很大。 |
